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Rather, its vortex probably fades off gradually, though to confirm this would require measurements of frequency shifts currently too tiny for Juno to resolve. On Earth, he says, the energy that drives our weather primarily comes from the condensation of water vapor at the bases of clouds, which is what forms features like rain, wind and lightning. Instead, its circulation must be drawing energy from much deeper and denser layers of the atmosphere.
The instrument also observed two other storms, and while all three had roots past the cloud base, neither went down as far as the Great Red Spot. But the exact energetic processes involved in this remains unknown. For now, anyway: NASA has extended the Juno mission for four more years, so scientists on the team look forward to the next phase of the experiment.
As the spacecraft flies over this extraterrestrial polar vortex, the mission team will be able to measure its stability, structure and depth as well, adding another data point to compare with the Great Red Spot. Known as the Great Red Spot, this swirling high-pressure region is clearly visible from space, spanning a region in Jupiter's atmosphere more than 10, miles 16, kilometers wide — about one and a quarter times the diameter of Earth.
But there's even more to the churning tempest than meets the eye; according to two new studies published Oct. Related: Could a spaceship fly through a gas giant like Jupiter?
That's far deeper than researchers expected, with the bottom of the storm extending well below the atmospheric level where water and ammonia are expected to condense into clouds, the researchers wrote. The storm's deep roots suggest that some as-yet unknown processes link Jupiter's interior and deep atmosphere, driving intense meteorological events over much larger scales than previously thought, the researchers said. Both new studies relied on observations from NASA's Juno probe, which entered Jupiter's orbit in and has since completed 36 passes of the nearly 87,mile-wide , km gas giant.
In one study, scientists examined the Great Red Spot using the probe's microwave radiometer — a tool that detects microwaves emitted from inside the planet.
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