Int Urogynecol J. Encyclopedia Brittanica. Published in Rice University. The pelvic girdle and pelvis. Your Privacy Rights. To change or withdraw your consent choices for VerywellHealth. At any time, you can update your settings through the "EU Privacy" link at the bottom of any page. These choices will be signaled globally to our partners and will not affect browsing data. We and our partners process data to: Actively scan device characteristics for identification.
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Related Articles. The Anatomy of the Ischium. The Anatomy of the Ilium. Function and Possible Injuries of the Iliac Crest. A spade-shaped bone that is formed by the fusion of 5 originally separate sacral vertebrae.
Coccyx also called the tail bone. Formed by the fusion of 4 originally separated coccygeal bones. Pelvic fractures. Female pelvis bones Hip bones There are two hip bones, one on the left side of the body and the other on the right. Each hip bone is made of three smaller bones that fuse together during adolescence: Ilium. The largest part of the hip bone, the ilium , is broad and fan-shaped. You can feel the arches of these bones when you put your hands on your hips.
The pubis bone of each hip bone connects to the other at a joint called the pubis symphysis. When you sit down, most of your body weight falls on these bones. Sacrum The sacrum is connected to the lower part of the vertebrae. Coccyx The coccyx is sometimes called the tailbone. The coccyx is made up of four vertebrae that have fused into a triangle-like shape.
Female pelvis muscles Levator ani muscles The levator ani muscles are the largest group of muscles in the pelvis. The levator ani muscles consist of three separate muscles: Puborectalis. This muscle is responsible for holding in urine and feces. It relaxes when you urinate or have a bowel movement. This muscle makes up most of the levator ani muscles. It originates at the pubis bone and connects to the coccyx. The iliococcygeus has thinner fibers and serves to lift the pelvic floor as well as the anal canal.
Coccygeus This small pelvic floor muscle originates at the ischium and connects to the sacrum and coccyx. Female pelvis organs Uterus The uterus is a thick-walled, hollow organ where a baby develops during pregnancy. Ovaries There are two ovaries located on either side of the uterus. Fallopian tubes The fallopian tubes connect each ovary to the uterus.
Cervix The cervix connects the uterus to the vagina. Vagina The vagina connects the cervix to the exterior female genitalia. Rectum The rectum is the lowest part of the large intestine. Urethra The urethra is the tube that urine travels through to exit the body from the bladder. Female pelvis ligaments Broad ligament The broad ligament supports the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries.
The broad ligament can be further divided into three components that are linked to different parts of the female reproductive organs: mesometrium , which supports the uterus mesovarium , which supports the ovaries mesosalpinx , which supports the fallopian tubes Uterine ligaments Uterine ligaments provide additional support for the uterus.
Some of the main uterine ligaments include: the round ligament cardinal ligaments pubocervical ligaments uterosacral ligaments Ovarian ligaments The ovarian ligaments support the ovaries. There are two main ovarian ligaments: the ovarian ligament the suspensory ligament of the ovary. Female pelvis diagram. Explore this interactive 3-D diagram to learn more about the female pelvis:. Female pelvis conditions. Privacy Policy. Skip to main content. Skeletal System: Parts of the Skeleton.
Search for:. The Hip. Ilium The ilium is the uppermost and largest bone of the pelvis. Learning Objectives Describe the ilium. Key Takeaways Key Points The ilium articulates with the ischium, sacrum, and pubis. The ilium is divisible into the body and the ala, or wing. The body and ala are separated by the arcuate line on the posterior surface and the margin of the acetabulum on the inferior surface. The iliac crest is on the upper margin of the ala.
The external surface of the ilium is partly articular relating to a joint and partly non-articular. Bi-iliac width is an anatomical term referring to the widest measure of the pelvis between the outer edges of the upper iliac bones. Key Terms acetabulum : A concave structure formed from three bones in the pelvis that articulates with the femoral head to form the hip joint.
It consists of hip bone, sacrum, and coccyx. Ischium The ischium forms the lower and posterior portion of the hip bones of the pelvis.
Learning Objectives Describe the ischium. Key Takeaways Key Points The ischium articulates with the ilium and the pubis. The ischium is divided into the body, superior ramus of the ischium, and inferior ramus of the ischium.
The ischial tuberosity, which supports weight when sitting, is located on the ischium. Key Terms ischium : The most inferior of the three bones that make up each side of the pelvis. Pubis The pubis is the lowest and most anterior portion of the hip bones of the pelvis. Learning Objectives Describe the pubic bone. Key Takeaways Key Points The most anterior portion of the pubis, the pubic symphysis, is where the two hip bones of the pelvis are fused together. The pubis has a body, a superior ramus, and an inferior ramus.
The body of the pubis contributes to the lunate surface and acetabular fossa in the acetabulum. Key Terms pubic symphysis : A cartilaginous joint between the two bones of the pubis. False and True Pelves The false greater pelvis is larger and superior to the true lesser pelvis where the pelvic inlet is located.
Learning Objectives Describe the differences between false and true pelves. Key Takeaways Key Points Some believe that the false pelvis is actually part of the abdominal cavity and therefore that the true pelvis is the only true portion of the pelvis.
The true pelvis contains the pelvic inlet and is a short, curved canal, deeper on its posterior than on its anterior wall. The false pelvis supports the intestines specifically, the ileum and sigmoid colon and transmits part of their weight to the anterior wall of the abdomen. Key Terms true pelvis : Bounded in front and below by the pubic symphysis and the superior rami of the pubis; above and behind, by the sacrum and coccyx; and laterally, by a broad, smooth, quadrangular area of bone, corresponding to the inner surfaces of the body and superior ramus of the ischium, and the part of the ilium below the arcuate line.
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